ArcGIS Help 10.1 - ArcSDESQLExecute (arcpy)

摘要

The ArcSDESQLExecute class provides a means of executing SQL statements via an ArcSDE connection.

讨论

警告:

不应使用 ArcGIS 软件以外的任何其他软件更改 ArcSDE 和 GDB 系统表。如果直接使用 SQL 对这些系统表进行编辑，则可能发生损坏。
仅可通过版本化视图使用 SQL 对版本化数据进行编辑。
对于在关系数据库管理系统 (DBMS) 中使用 DBMS 数据类型和表格式实现的地理数据库，可使用 DBMS 自带的 SQL 来处理该数据库中存储的信息。
通过 SQL 访问地理数据库中的信息允许外部应用程序访问地理数据库管理的表格数据。这些外部应用程序可以是在 ArcObjects 以外的环境中开发的非空间数据库应用程序或自定义空间应用程序。但请注意，通过 SQL 访问地理数据库会忽略地理数据库功能，如拓扑、网络、地形、其他类或工作空间扩展模块。
可使用触发器和存储过程等 DBMS 功能来维护某个地理数据库功能所需的表之间的关系。但是，如果对数据库执行 SQL 命令而不考虑此附加功能（如执行 INSERT 语句以向业务表添加记录），则会避开地理数据库功能并可能对地理数据库中数据之间的关系造成损坏。
尝试访问或修改任何 ArcSDE 或 GDB 对象前，请先阅读有关对 DBMS 中的 ArcSDE 或 GDB 对象使用 SQL 的所有 ArcSDE 和地理数据库文档。

语法

ArcSDESQLExecute ({server}, {instance}, {database}, {user}, {password})

参数	说明	数据类型
server	Name of the server on which the database is installed.	String
instance	The port number	String
database	Name of the database.	String
user	The user name.	String
password	The password for the user name.	String

属性

属性	说明	数据类型
transactionAutoCommit (读写)	The autocommit interval. This can be used to force intermediate commits after a specified number of features have been modified.	Integer

方法概述

方法	说明
commitTransaction ()	No DML statements will be committed until the CommitTransaction method is called. 注: A commit may also occur when the connection to ArcSDE it terminated (check specific DBMS documentation to see how each DBMS deals with a disconnect while in a transaction).
execute (sql_statement)	Sends the SQL statement to the database via an ArcSDE connection. If execute is run outside of a transaction, a commit will automatically take place once the SQL DML (INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE . . .) statement has been executed.
rollbackTransaction ()	Rollback any DML operations to the previous commit.
startTransaction ()	To control when your changes are committed to the database, call the startTransaction method before calling execute. This starts a transaction and no DML statements will be committed until the commitTransaction method is called.

方法

commitTransaction ()

execute (sql_statement)

参数	说明	数据类型
sql_statement	The SQL statement.	String

rollbackTransaction ()

startTransaction ()

代码实例

执行一列 SQL 语句import arcpy
from arcpy import env
import sys

try:
    # Make data path relative
    #
    env.workspace = sys.path[0]
    
    # Two ways to create the object, which also creates the connection to ArcSDE.
    #   Using the first method, pass a set of strings containing the connection properties:
    #   <serverName>,<portNumber>,<version>,<userName>,<password>
    #   sdeConn = arcpy.ArcSDESQLExecute("gpserver3","5151","#","toolbox","toolbox")
    #   Using the second method pass the path to a valid ArcSDE connection file
    #
    sdeConn = arcpy.ArcSDESQLExecute("data\Connection to GPSERVER3.sde")
    
    # Get the SQL statements, separated by ; from a text string.
    #
    SQLStatement = arcpy.GetParameterAsText(0)
    SQLStatementList = SQLStatement.split(";")
    
    print "+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n"

    # For each SQL statement passed in, execute it.
    #
    for sql in SQLStatementList:
        print "Execute SQL Statement: " + sql
        try:
            # Pass the SQL statement to the database.
            #
            sdeReturn = sdeConn.execute(sql)
        except Exception, ErrorDesc:
            print ErrorDesc
            sdeReturn = False
        
        # If the return value is a list (a list of lists), display each list as a row from the 
        #   table being queried.
        if isinstance(sdeReturn, list):
            print "Number of rows returned by query: " + str(len(sdeReturn)), "rows"
            for row in sdeReturn:
                print row
            print "+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n"
        else:
            # If the return value was not a list, the statement was most likely a DDL statment. 
            #   Check its status.
            if sdeReturn == True:
                print "SQL statement: " + sql + " ran sucessfully."
                print "+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n"
            else:
                print "SQL statement: " + sql + " FAILED."
                print "+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n"
                
except Exception, ErrorDesc:
    print Exception, ErrorDesc
except:
    print "Problem executing SQL."

使用事务进行条件更新
# WARNING - DO NOT USE ON VERSIONED TABLES OR FEATURE CLASSES. 
#   DO NOT USE ON ANY ArcSDE or GDB SYSTEM TABLES.
#   DOING SO MAY RESULT IN DATA CORRUPTION.

import arcpy
from arcpy import env
import sys

try:
    # Make data path relative (not relevant unless data is moved here and paths modified)
    #
    env.workspace = sys.path[0]

    #Column name:value that should be in the record.
    #
    SQLvalues = {"STREET_NAM":"'EUREKA'"}

    #Value that is incorrect if found in the above column.
    #
    badVal = "'EREKA'"

    #List of tables to look in for the bad value.
    #
    tableList = ["streetaddresses_blkA","streetaddresses_blkB", "streetaddresses_blkC"]
    
    # Two ways to create the object, which also creates the connection to ArcSDE.
    #   Using the first method, pass a set of strings containing the connection properties:
    #   <serverName>,<portNumber>,<version>,<userName>,<password>
    #
    sdeConn = arcpy.ArcSDESQLExecute("gpserver3","5151","#","toolbox","toolbox")

    # Using the second method pass the path to a valid ArcSDE connection file
    #   sdeConn = arcpy.ArcSDESQLExecute("data\Connection to GPSERVER3.sde")

    for tbl in tableList:
        print "++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++"
        for col, val in SQLvalues.items():
            print "++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++"
            #Check for the incorrect value in the column for the specific rows. If the table contains the 
            #incorrect value, correct it using the update SQL statement.
            #
            print "Analyzing table " + tbl + " for bad data: Column:" + col + " Value: " + badVal
            try:
                sql = "select OBJECTID," + col + " from " + tbl + " where " + col + " = " + badVal
                print "Attempt to execute SQL Statement: " + sql
                sdeReturn = sdeConn.execute(sql)
            except Exception, ErrorDesc:
                print ErrorDesc
                sdeReturn = False
            if isinstance(sdeReturn, list):
                if len(sdeReturn) > 0:
                    print "Identified " + str(len(sdeReturn)) + " rows with incorrect data. Starting transaction for update."
                    # Start the transaction
                    #
                    sdeConn.startTransaction()
                    print "Transaction started....."
                    # Perform the update
                    #
                    try:
                        sql = "update " + tbl + " set " + col + "=" + str(val) + " where " + col + " = " + badVal
                        print "Changing bad value: " + badVal + " to the good value: " + val + " using update statement:\n " + sql
                        sdeReturn = sdeConn.execute(sql)
                    except Exception, ErrorDesc:
                        print ErrorDesc
                        sdeReturn = False

                    # If the update completed sucessfully, commit the changes.  If not, rollback.
                    #
                    if sdeReturn == True:
                        print "Update statement: \n" + sql + " ran successfully."
                        # Commit the changes
                        #
                        sdeConn.commitTransaction()
                        print "Commited Transaction"

                        # List the changes.
                        #
                        try:
                            print "Displaying updated rows for visual inspection."
                            sql = "select OBJECTID," + col + " from " + tbl + " where " + col + " = " + val
                            print "Executing SQL Statement: \n" + sql
                            sdeReturn = sdeConn.execute(sql)
                        except Exception, ErrorDesc:
                            print ErrorDesc
                            sdeReturn = False
                        if isinstance(sdeReturn, list):
                            print len(sdeReturn), "rows"
                            for row in sdeReturn:
                                print row
                            print "+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n"
                        else:
                            if sdeReturn == True:
                                print "SQL statement: \n" + sql + "\nran successfully."
                                print "+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n"
                            else:
                                print "SQL statement: \n" + sql + "\nFAILED."
                                print "+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n"

                        print "+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n"
                    else:
                        print "SQL statement: \n" + sql + "\nFAILED.  Rolling back all changes."
                        # Rollback changes
                        #
                        sdeConn.rollbackTransaction()
                        print "Rolled back any changes."
                        print "+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n"
            else:
                print "No records required updating."
            
    # Disconnect and exit
    del sdeConn
    print "++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++"

except Exception, ErrorDesc:
    print Exception, ErrorDesc
except:
    print "Problem executing SQL."

ArcSDESQLExecute (arcpy)

摘要

讨论

语法

属性

方法概述

方法

代码实例

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