Collect Events (Spatial Statistics)

Summary

Converts event data, such as crime or disease incidents, to weighted point data.

Illustration

Usage

• Collect Event combines coincident points: it creates a new Output Feature Class containing all of the unique locations found in the Input Feature Class. It then adds a field named ICOUNT to hold the sum of all incidents at each unique location.

• This tool will only combine features that have the exact same X and Y centroid coordinates. You may want to use the Integrate tool to snap nearby features together prior to running the Collect Events tool.

  Caution:

  The Integrate tool permanently alters feature geometry; always make a backup copy of your feature class prior to using Integrate.

• The Hot Spot Analysis (Getis-Ord Gi*), Cluster and Outlier Analysis (Local Moran's I), and Spatial Autocorrelation (Morans I) tools, for example, require weighted points rather than individual incidents. Collect Events can be used to create weights when the input feature class contains coincident features.

• Although this tool will work with polygon or line data, it is really only appropriate for event, incident, or other point feature data. For line and polygon features, feature coincidence is based on feature true geometric centroids. For multipoint, polyline, or polygons with multiple parts, the centroid is computed using the weighted mean center of all feature parts. The weighting for point features is 1, for line features is length, and for polygon features is area.

• If you want each individual point/part of multipoint/multipart data treated as singlepart features, run the Multipart to Singlepart tool, then run Collect Events on the single part feature class. For more information, see Processing Multipoint Data.

• In addition to the Output Feature Class, this function passes, as derived output values, the name of the count field and the maximum count value encountered for any one location. These derived output values are helpful when you use this tool in models or scripts.

• When this tool runs in ArcMap, the output feature class is automatically added to the Table of Contents (TOC) with default rendering applied to the ICOUNT field. The graduated circle rendering scheme is defined by a layer file in <ArcGIS>/ArcToolbox/Templates/Layers. You can reapply the default rendering, if needed, by importing the template layer symbology.

Syntax

CollectEvents_stats (Input_Incident_Features, Output_Weighted_Point_Feature_Class)

Parameter	Explanation	Data Type
Input_Incident_Features	The features representing event or incident data.	Feature Layer
Output_Weighted_Point_Feature_Class	The output feature class to contain the weighted point data.	Feature Class

Code Sample

CollectEvents Example (Python Window)

The following Python Window script demonstrates how to use the Collect Events tool.

import arcpy
arcpy.env.workspace = "C:/Data"
arcpy.CollectEvents_stats("911Copied.shp", "911Count.shp", "Count", "#")

CollectEvents Example (Stand-alone Python script)

The following stand-alone Python script demonstrates how to use the Collect Events tool.

# Analyze the spatial distribution of 911 calls in a metropolitan area
# using the Hot-Spot Analysis Tool (Local Gi*)

# Import system modules
import arcpy

# Set geoprocessor object property to overwrite existing output, by default
arcpy.gp.overwriteOutput = True

# Local variables...
workspace = "C:/Data"

try:
    # Set the current workspace (to avoid having to specify the full path to the feature classes each time)
    arcpy.env.workspace = workspace

    # Copy the input feature class and integrate the points to snap
    # together at 500 feet
    # Process: Copy Features and Integrate
    cf = arcpy.CopyFeatures_management("911Calls.shp", "911Copied.shp",
                         "#", 0, 0, 0)

    integrate = arcpy.Integrate_management("911Copied.shp #", "500 Feet")

    # Use Collect Events to count the number of calls at each location
    # Process: Collect Events
    ce = arcpy.CollectEvents_stats("911Copied.shp", "911Count.shp", "Count", "#")

    # Add a unique ID field to the count feature class
    # Process: Add Field and Calculate Field
    af = arcpy.AddField_management("911Count.shp", "MyID", "LONG", "#", "#", "#", "#",
                     "NON_NULLABLE", "NON_REQUIRED", "#",
                     "911Count.shp")
    
    cf = arcpy.CalculateField_management("911Count.shp", "MyID", "[FID]", "VB")

    # Create Spatial Weights Matrix for Calculations
    # Process: Generate Spatial Weights Matrix... 
    swm = arcpy.GenerateSpatialWeightsMatrix_stats("911Count.shp", "MYID",
                        "euclidean6Neighs.swm",
                        "K_NEAREST_NEIGHBORS",
                        "#", "#", "#", 6,
                        "NO_STANDARDIZATION") 

    # Hot Spot Analysis of 911 Calls
    # Process: Hot Spot Analysis (Getis-Ord Gi*)
    hs = arcpy.HotSpots_stats("911Count.shp", "ICOUNT", "911HotSpots.shp", 
                     "GET_SPATIAL_WEIGHTS_FROM_FILE",
                     "EUCLIDEAN_DISTANCE", "NONE",
                     "#", "#", "euclidean6Neighs.swm")

except:
    # If an error occurred when running the tool, print out the error message.
    print arcpy.GetMessages()

Environments

Current Workspace, Scratch Workspace, Output Coordinate System, Output has Z values, Default Output Z Value, Output has M values

Licensing Information

ArcGIS for Desktop Basic: Yes

ArcGIS for Desktop Standard: Yes

ArcGIS for Desktop Advanced: Yes