Standard Distance (Spatial Statistics)

License Level:BasicStandardAdvanced

Summary

Measures the degree to which features are concentrated or dispersed around the geometric mean center.

Learn more about how Standard Distance works

Illustration

Standard Distance illustration

Usage

Syntax

StandardDistance_stats (Input_Feature_Class, Output_Standard_Distance_Feature_Class, Circle_Size, {Weight_Field}, {Case_Field})
ParameterExplanationData Type
Input_Feature_Class

A feature class containing a distribution of features for which the standard distance will be calculated.

Feature Layer
Output_Standard_Distance_Feature_Class

A polygon feature class that will contain a circle polygon for each input center. These circle polygons graphically portray the standard distance at each center point.

Feature Class
Circle_Size

The size of output circles in standard deviations. The default circle size is 1; valid choices are 1, 2, or 3 standard deviations.

  • 1_STANDARD_DEVIATION
  • 2_STANDARD_DEVIATIONS
  • 3_STANDARD_DEVIATIONS
String
Weight_Field
(Optional)

The numeric field used to weight locations according to their relative importance.

Field
Case_Field
(Optional)

Field used to group features for separate standard distance calculations. The case field can be of integer, date, or string type.

Field

Code Sample

StandardDistance Example (Python Window)

The following Python Window script demonstrates how to use the StandardDistance tool.

import arcpy
arcpy.env.workspace = r"C:\data"
arcpy.StandardDistance_stats("AutoTheft.shp", "auto_theft_SD.shp", "1_STANDARD_DEVIATION", "#", "#")
StandardDistance Example (stand-alone Python script)

The following stand-alone Python script demonstrates how to use the StandardDistance tool.

# Measure the geographic distribution of auto thefts
 
# Import system modules
import arcpy
 
# Local variables...
workspace = "C:/data"
locations = "AutoTheft.shp"
links = "AutoTheft_links.shp"
standardDistance = "auto_theft_SD.shp"
stardardEllipse = "auto_theft_SE.shp"
linearDirectMean = "auto_theft_LDM.shp"
 
try:
    # Set the workspace (to avoid having to type in the full path to the data every time)
    arcpy.env.workspace = workspace
 
    # Process: Standard Distance of auto theft locations...
    arcpy.StandardDistance_stats(locations, standardDistance, "1_STANDARD_DEVIATION", "#", "#")
 
    # Process: Directional Distribution (Standard Deviational Ellipse) of auto theft locations...
    arcpy.DirectionalDistribution_stats(locations, standardEllipse, "1_STANDARD_DEVIATION", "#", "#")
 
    # Process: Linear Directional Mean of auto thefts...
    arcpy.DirectionalMean_stats(links, linearDirectMean, "DIRECTION", "#")
 
except:
    # If an error occurred while running a tool, print the messages 
    print arcpy.GetMessages()

Environments

Output Coordinate System

Feature geometry is projected to the Output Coordinate System prior to analysis. All mathematical computations are based on the Output Coordinate System spatial reference.

Related Topics

Licensing Information

ArcGIS for Desktop Basic: Yes
ArcGIS for Desktop Standard: Yes
ArcGIS for Desktop Advanced: Yes
8/26/2014