An overview of raster storage settings

Raster storage environment settings can be used to adjust the default compression type, the default settings for pyramid creation and calculating statistics, and the default tile size, the default resampling method, and the NoData mapping method to be used by geoprocessing core raster tools.

Geoprocessing extension toolsets such as 3D Analyst, Geostatistical Analyst, and Spatial Analyst will not honor all raster storage settings. Please refer to the Help for each tool to see specifics on which environments are honored.

Not all settings apply to all storage types. Refer to the Raster storage matrix (below) for more details. File Group 2 consists of ERDAS IMAGINE files. All remaining ArcGIS-supported raster file formats fall into File Group 1.

Raster storage matrix

Storage settings

File Group 1

File Group 2

personal Geodatabase

File Geodatabase

ArcSDE

Pyramids

yes

OVR file

yes

RRD type

yes

RRD type

yes

yes

  • Resampling

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

  • Levels

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

  • Skip first

yes

no

no

yes

yes

Raster statistics

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

  • skip factor

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

  • ignore value

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

Compression

yes*

yes

RLE compression

yes

yes

yes

  • LZ77

yes*

no

yes

yes

yes

  • JPEG

yes*

no

yes

yes

yes

  • JPEG 2000

yes*

no

yes

yes

yes

Tile size

TIFF only

no

no

yes

yes

Raster storage matrix
NoteNote:

Compression is dependent on the type of file format. Please refer to the Supported raster dataset file formats to see which file formats are able to support compression.

Pyramids

Pyramids are reduced-resolution representations of your dataset. They can speed up display of raster datasets by retrieving only the data that is necessary at a specified resolution. By default, pyramids are created for raster datasets by resampling the original data. There are three resampling methods available: nearest neighbor, bilinear, and cubic.

If you uncheck Build pyramids, pyramids will not be created with the output raster. Not building pyramids saves storage space but will lead to slower display speeds, especially for larger raster datasets.

You have the option to skip the first pyramid level. Skipping the first pyramid level will save a little bit of disk space, but will slow down the display when you are viewing small scales. Alternatively, you can define the number of levels, but this may affect the speed when viewing at a very large scale.

The default is nearest neighbor. It works for any type of raster dataset. Use nearest neighbor for nominal data or raster datasets with color maps, such as land-use data, scanned maps, and pseudocolor images.

Use bilinear interpolation or cubic convolution for continuous data, such as satellite imagery or aerial photography.

If the raster pyramids are built as overviews (OVR), then it is also possible to compress the pyramids with either LZ77 or JPEG. If the pyramids can only be built as a reduced-resolution dataset, then no additional compression options are available.

Statistics

The Statistics option enables you to build statistics for output raster datasets. Statistics are required for your raster dataset to perform certain tasks in ArcMap or ArcCatalog, such as applying a contrast stretch or classifying your data. It is not essential to build statistics if they have not already been calculated, since they are calculated the first time they are needed. However, it is recommended that you calculate statistics for your raster datasets before using them if you want to use certain features that require statistics. The default display of your raster will be improved in most cases if statistics have already been calculated, because a standard deviation stretch is applied if statistics are present.

Setting a Skip factor allows you to speed up the process of calculating statistics by skipping pixels. The Skip factor does not apply for GRID datasets.

Values you set to ignore will not participate in the statistics calculation. Normally, you may want to ignore the values of the background.

Compression type

The compression type setting is used by any tool whose output is a raster dataset. There are nine different compression methods available for geoprocessing tools. Of these compressions, four types of compression are supported when loading rasters to a geodatabase: LZ77, JPEG, JPEG2000, and NONE.

Valid compressions for each pixel depth

Compression

Pixel Depth (8 bit)

Pixel Depth (16 bit)

Additional information

LZ77

Yes

Yes

Any pixel depth

JPEG

Yes

Only 12-bit data, stored as 16-bit data

JPEG_YCbCr

Yes

No

JPEG2000

Yes

Yes

PackBits

Yes

No

1-bit to 8-bit data

LZW

Yes

Yes

Any pixel depth

RLE

Yes

Yes

Any pixel depth

CCITT_G3

No

No

Only for 1-bit data

CCITT_G4

No

No

Only for 1-bit data

CCITT_1D

No

No

Only for 1-bit data

Valid compressions for each pixel depth

LZ77 (the default) is a lossless compression that preserves all raster cell values. It uses the same compression algorithm as the PNG image format and one similar to ZIP compression. As you can rely on the pixels not changing their values after you compress them, use LZ77 for performing visual or algorithmic analysis.

JPEG is a lossy compression, because raster cell values may not be preserved after compression and decompression. It uses the public domain JPEG (JFIF) compression algorithm and only works for unsigned 8-bit raster data (single-band grayscale or three-band raster data).

JPEG_YCbCr is a lossy compression using the luma (Y) and chroma (Cb and Cr) color space components.

JPEG2000 uses wavelet technology to compress rasters, so they visually appear lossless, meaning that although the cell values do get manipulated, the differences between the original and the same raster with compression are not easily distinguishable. Use JPEG or JPEG2000 for rasters that are meant as pictures or backdrop imagery.

If JPEG or JPEG2000 is selected, you can also set the compression quality to control how much loss the image will be subjected to by the compression algorithm. The values of the pixels of an image compressed with a higher compression quality will be closer to those of the original image. Valid value ranges of compression quality for JPEG are from 5 to 95. Valid value ranges for JPEG 2000 are from 1 to 100. The default compression quality is 75. The amount of compression will depend on the data and compression quality. The more homogeneous the data, the higher the compression ratio. The lower the compression quality, the higher the compression ratio. Lossy compression normally results in higher compression ratios when compared to lossless compression.

The primary benefits of compressing data are that compressed data requires less storage space and data display times will be quicker, as there is less information to transmit.

Tile size

The tile size setting is used by any tools that create raster datasets and are stored in blocks.

The default tile size is 128 by 128, which is good for most cases. However, if the tile size is too big, you will end up bringing up more data than is needed each time you access the data. For example, you want to display a window of 100 by 100, and it only covers one tile. If you set the tile size to 512, you need to get the tile of 512 by 512 pixels. If your tile size is set to 128 by 128, you'll bring up less extra data if the display window is 100 by 100.

Resampling Method

Resampling is the process of interpolating the pixel values while transforming your raster dataset. This is used when the input and output do not line up exactly, when the pixel size changes, when the data is shifted, or a combination of these reasons.

NoData

Use this environment when the NoData value from your input needs to be transferred to your output raster. This setting allows you to specify which value you use to designate as the NoData value in your output.

2/10/2014